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ACTION
TV ONLINE EPISODE GUIDE
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Probably the most controversial and shocking TV production of the 1950s
with a blockbusting (for it's time) budget of £3,000 - the final
cost being £3,249 - this adaptation of George Orwell's 1984 starred
Peter Cushing as Winston Smith and was written by Nigel Kneale. Director
and producer was the legendary Rudolph Cartier.
As standard for its period the production was broadcast live, with the second performance being telerecorded for posterity. The programme was a hugely ambitious piece - there where twenty-two sets which necessitated a more than usual amount of film sequences to allow cameras and actors to move from one set to the other. Instead of using stock music, as was usually standard practice, Cartier commissioned John Hotchkis to compose a score and conduct it during transmission at a cost of £300. Broadcast for the first time immediately after the popular panel quiz What's My Line the production attracted around nine million viewers and provoked a storm of criticism. Motions where tabled in Parliament and the press had a field day claiming watching the programme had resulted in the death of a forty year old woman. The day following its transmission the BBC current affairs programme Panorama covered the controversy with the BBC Head of Drama, Michael Barry, defending the play. Even
BBC staff showed concern over the strength of the material. During
pre-production designer Barry Learoyd wrote to Micheal Barry stating
: " This really is none of my business, but I'm working on 1984
and I feel so strongly about it that I wonder if others will not do
the same. Every time I refer to the script I feel it should not be
put on." Despite the hue and cry Micheal Barry decided to go
ahead with the planned second broadcast without altering or making
any cuts to the script. Unsurprisingly the viewing audience was even
higher, attracting the largest number of ratings since The Queen's
Coronation. Cartier defended the tone of the show in an interview
with The Daily Express : "Our job was to shake, and if we have
succeeded shaking half the nation then we have done the job we set
out to do. It was right and wise to put this terrible vision before
the largest possible audience - as a warning against totalitarianism
in all its forms." Copyright
on George Orwell's work was meant to have expired in 2000 leaving
the BBC free to transmit or release on video or DVD their outstanding
1954 production. However a ruling by the EU in 1993 extended copyright
after death to seventy years which would mean the copyright to Orwell's
book will be free again in about 2020.
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![]() Radio Times publicity photograph for the play. TX : Sunday 12th December 1954 with a 2nd performance on Thursday 16th December 1954. Repeated : 3rd August 1977 and 1st July 1994. Notes
: Cushing would reunite with many of the production team (Nigel Kneale,
Barry Learoyd, Rudolph Cartier, Bernard Wilkie) from this programme
shortly after when he appeared in the BBC play The Creature. For his
work on 1984 Cushing was payed 150 guineas. Cushing recieved The Guild
of Television Producers and Directors Best Performance Award for his
work on the programme in 1955. In 1964 he appeared in BBC Two's first
ever science fiction production The Caves of Steel. He died in August
1994. The first block of insert filming for the production took place on 10th and 11th November 1954 at Studio B, Alexandria Palace and a nearby park. The rest of prefilming occurred from 18th - 20th November at Lime Grove studios. The BBC planned to repeat the production in 1962 but it was deemed that the quality of the telerecording was not upto broadcast standards and instead produced a new version of the story. Room 101 was named after the office that Orwell worked during his career with the BBC. The original book by George Orwell was first published in 1948. Orwell died from TB in 1950. Actor Andre Morell was born in 1909 and would later reunite with Cartier on Kneale when he undertook the role of Professor Bernard Quatermass in 1958's seminal production Quatermass and the Pit. He died in November 1978. Actress
Yvonne Mitchell was born in 1925 and had previously worked with Cartier
and Kneale on their production of Wuthering Heights. Other notable genre
TV appearances include Out of the Unknown (The Machine Stops) and 1990.
She died in 1979 from cancer.
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